1 Samuel 20
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David consults Jonathan
Verse 1
WEB David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, “What have I done? What is my iniquity? What is my sin before your father, that he seeks my life?”
KJV And David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, What have I done? what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life?
TSK fled: 1sa 19:19-24, 1sa 23:26-28, ps 124:6-8, 2pe 2:9; What have: 1sa 12:3, 1sa 24:11,17, ps 7:3-5, ps 18:20-24, 2co 1:12, 1jo 3:21
Verse 2
WEB He said to him, “Far from it; you shall not die. Behold, my father does nothing either great or small, but that he discloses it to me; and why should my father hide this thing from me? It is not so.”
KJV And he said unto him, God forbid; thou shalt not die: behold, my father will do nothing either great or small, but that he will show it me: and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.
TSK God forbid: 1sa 14:45, ge 44:7, jos 22:29, jos 24:16, lu 20:16; shew it me: 1sa 20:12, 1sa 9:15, ps 40:6, isa 50:5, joh 15:15, joh 17:8
Verse 3
WEB David swore moreover, and said, “Your father knows well that I have found favor in your eyes; and he says, ‘Don’t let Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved:’ but truly as Yahweh lives, and as your soul lives, there is but a step between me and death.”
KJV And David sware moreover, and said, Thy father certainly knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes; and he saith, Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved: but truly as the LORD liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.
TSK sware: de 6:13, jer 4:2, heb 6:16; but truly: 1sa 25:26, 1sa 27:1, 2sa 15:21, 2ki 2:2,4,6; as thy soul: 1sa 1:26, 1sa 17:55, jer 38:16; but a step: 1sa 27:1, de 28:66, ps 116:3, 1co 15:30,31, 2co 1:9,10
Verse 4
WEB Then Jonathan said to David, “Whatever your soul desires, I will even do it for you.”
KJV Then said Jonathan unto David, Whatsoever thy soul desireth, I will even do it for thee.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 5
WEB David said to Jonathan, “Behold, tomorrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to dine with the king; but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field to the third day at evening.
KJV And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at even.
TSK the new moon: 1sa 20:6, nu 10:10, nu 28:11, 2ki 4:23, ps 81:3, col 2:16; that I may: 1sa 20:19, 1sa 19:2, ps 55:12, pr 22:3, joh 8:59, ac 17:14
Verse 6
WEB If your father miss me at all, then say, ‘David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Bethlehem his city; for it is the yearly sacrifice there for all the family.’
KJV If thy father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Bethlehem his city: for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family.
TSK Beth-lehem: 1sa 17:58, joh 7:42; sacrifice: 1sa 9:12, 1sa 16:2-5
Verse 7
WEB If he says, ‘It is well;’ your servant shall have peace: but if he be angry, then know that evil is determined by him.
KJV If he say thus, It is well; thy servant shall have peace: but if he be very wroth, then be sure that evil is determined by him.
TSK It is well: de 1:23, 2sa 17:4; evil: 1sa 20:9, 1sa 25:17, es 7:7
Verse 8
WEB Therefore deal kindly with your servant; for you have brought your servant into a covenant of Yahweh with you: but if there is iniquity in me, kill me yourself; for why should you bring me to your father?”
KJV Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?
TSK deal kindly: ge 24:49, ge 47:29, jos 2:14, ru 1:8, pr 3:3; thou hast: 1sa 20:16, 1sa 18:3, 1sa 23:18; if there be: jos 22:22, 2sa 14:32, ps 7:4,5, ac 25:11; why shouldest: 1ch 12:17, ps 116:11
Verse 9
WEB Jonathan said, “Far be it from you; for if I should at all know that evil were determined by my father to come on you, then wouldn’t I tell you that?”
KJV And Jonathan said, Far be it from thee: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon thee, then would not I tell it thee?
TSK then would: 1sa 20:38,42, 1sa 19:2
Verse 10
WEB Then David said to Jonathan, “Who shall tell me if perchance your father answers you roughly?”
KJV Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
TSK answer thee: 1sa 20:30-34, 1sa 25:10,14,17, ge 42:7,30, 1ki 12:13, pr 18:23
Jonathan's agreement with David
Verse 11
WEB Jonathan said to David, “Come, and let us go out into the field.” They both went out into the field.
KJV And Jonathan said unto David, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 12
WEB Jonathan said to David, “By Yahweh, the God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about this time tomorrow, or the third day, behold, if there is good toward David, shall I not then send to you, and disclose it to you?
KJV And Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the third day, and, behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not unto thee, and show it thee;
TSK O LORD: jos 22:22, job 31:4, ps 17:3, ps 139:1-4; sounded: pr 20:5, pr 25:2,3
Verse 13
WEB Yahweh do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do you evil, if I don’t disclose it to you, and send you away, that you may go in peace: and Yahweh be with you, as he has been with my father.
KJV The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do thee evil, then I will show it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.
TSK The Lord do: 1sa 3:17, 1sa 25:22, ru 1:17, 2sa 3:35, 2sa 19:13, 1ki 19:2, 1ki 20:10; the Lord be: 1sa 17:37, jos 1:5, 1ch 22:11,16, mt 28:20, php 4:9; he hath been with my father: 1sa 10:7, 1sa 11:6-13, 1sa 14:47, 2sa 7:15
Verse 15
WEB but also you shall not cut off your kindness from my house forever; no, not when Yahweh has cut off the enemies of David everyone from the surface of the earth.”
KJV But also thou shalt not cut off thy kindness from my house for ever: no, not when the LORD hath cut off the enemies of David every one from the face of the earth.
Verse 16
WEB So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “Yahweh will require it at the hand of David’s enemies.”
KJV So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the LORD even require it at the hand of David's enemies.
TSK made: 1sa 18:3, ge 15:18; Let the Lord: 1sa 25:22, 1sa 31:2, 2sa 4:7,8, 2sa 21:8
Verse 17
WEB Jonathan caused David to swear again, for the love that he had to him; for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
KJV And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
TSK for he loved: 1sa 18:1,3, de 13:6, 2sa 1:26, pr 18:24
Verse 18
WEB Then Jonathan said to him, “Tomorrow is the new moon: and you will be missed, because your seat will be empty.
KJV Then Jonathan said to David, To morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 19
WEB When you have stayed three days, you shall go down quickly, and come to the place where you hid yourself when this started, and shall remain by the stone Ezel.
KJV And when thou hast stayed three days, then thou shalt go down quickly, and come to the place where thou didst hide thyself when the business was in hand, and shalt remain by the stone Ezel.
Verse 20
WEB I will shoot three arrows on its side, as though I shot at a mark.
KJV And I will shoot three arrows on the side thereof, as though I shot at a mark.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 21
WEB Behold, I will send the boy, saying, ‘Go, find the arrows!’ If I tell the boy, ‘Behold, the arrows are on this side of you. Take them;’ then come; for there is peace to you and no hurt, as Yahweh lives.
KJV And, behold, I will send a lad, saying, Go, find out the arrows. If I expressly say unto the lad, Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee, take them; then come thou: for there is peace to thee, and no hurt; as the LORD liveth.
Verse 22
WEB But if I say this to the boy, ‘Behold, the arrows are beyond you;’ then go your way; for Yahweh has sent you away.
KJV But if I say thus unto the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee; go thy way: for the LORD hath sent thee away.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 23
WEB Concerning the matter which you and I have spoken of, behold, Yahweh is between you and me forever.”
KJV And as touching the matter which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the LORD be between thee and me for ever.
TSK the matter: 1sa 20:14,15; the Lord: 1sa 20:42, ge 16:5, ge 31:50
Saul, missing David, makes an attempt to kill Jonathan
Verse 24
WEB So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon had come, the king sat him down to eat food.
KJV So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.
TSK the king: ps 50:16-21, pr 4:17, pr 15:17, pr 17:1, pr 21:3,27, isa 1:11-15, zec 7:6, joh 18:28
Verse 25
WEB The king sat on his seat, as at other times, even on the seat by the wall; and Jonathan stood up, and Abner sat by Saul’s side: but David’s place was empty.
KJV And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul's side, and David's place was empty.
TSK as at other times: jud 16:20
Verse 26
WEB Nevertheless Saul didn’t say anything that day: for he thought, “Something has happened to him. He is not clean. Surely he is not clean.”
KJV Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.
TSK he is not clean: le 7:21, le 11:24,27,31,40, le 15:5,16,17,19-21, nu 19:16
Verse 27
WEB It happened on the next day after the new moon, the second day, that David’s place was empty. Saul said to Jonathan his son, “Why doesn’t the son of Jesse come to eat, neither yesterday, nor today?”
KJV And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David's place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to day?
TSK Wherefore: 1sa 18:11, 1sa 19:9,10,15; the son: 1sa 22:7-9,13,14, 1sa 25:10, isa 11:1,2, mt 13:55, 1pe 2:4
Verse 28
WEB Jonathan answered Saul, “David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem.
KJV And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem:
TSK No cross references.
Verse 29
WEB He said, ‘Please let me go, for our family has a sacrifice in the city. My brother has commanded me to be there. Now, if I have found favor in your eyes, please let me go away and see my brothers.’ Therefore he has not come to the king’s table.”
KJV And he said, Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me to be there: and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the king's table.
TSK my brother: 1sa 17:28
Verse 30
WEB Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse rebellious woman, don’t I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness?
KJV Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?
TSK Saul's: job 5:2, pr 14:29, pr 19:12,19, pr 21:24, pr 25:28, pr 27:3, jas 1:19,20; Thou, etc.: pr 15:2, pr 21:24, mt 5:22, eph 4:31, eph 6:4
Verse 31
WEB For as long as the son of Jesse lives on the earth, you shall not be established, nor your kingdom. Therefore now send and bring him to me, for he shall surely die!”
KJV For as long as the son of Jesse liveth upon the ground, thou shalt not be established, nor thy kingdom. Wherefore now send and fetch him unto me, for he shall surely die.
TSK send: 1sa 20:8, 1sa 19:6,11-15; shall surely die: 1sa 26:16, 2sa 19:28, ps 79:11
Verse 32
WEB Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said to him, “Why should he be put to death? What has he done?”
KJV And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done?
TSK Wherefore: 1sa 19:5, pr 24:11,12, pr 31:8,9, joh 7:51; what hath: mt 27:23, lu 23:22; cast: 1sa 18:11, 1sa 19:10,11, pr 22:24, ec 9:3, jer 17:9; whereby: 1sa 20:7, ec 7:9
Verse 33
WEB Saul cast his spear at him to strike him. By this Jonathan knew that his father was determined to put David to death.
KJV And Saul cast a javelin at him to smite him: whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to slay David.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 34
WEB So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and ate no food the second day of the month; for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.
KJV So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.
Jonathan takes leave of David
Verse 35
WEB It happened in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little boy with him.
KJV And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little lad with him.
Verse 36
WEB He said to his boy, “Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.” As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
KJV And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
TSK Run: 1sa 20:20,21; beyond him: 1sa 20:21,22
Verse 37
WEB When the boy had come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the boy, and said, “Isn’t the arrow beyond you?”
KJV And when the lad was come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and said, Is not the arrow beyond thee?
TSK No cross references.
Verse 38
WEB Jonathan cried after the boy, “Go fast! Hurry! Don’t delay!” Jonathan’s boy gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.
KJV And Jonathan cried after the lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan's lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.
TSK And Jonathan cried after the lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan's lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.: ps 55:6-9, pr 6:4,5, mt 24:16-18, mr 13:14-16, lu 17:31,32
Verse 39
WEB But the boy didn’t know anything. Only Jonathan and David knew the matter.
KJV But the lad knew not any thing: only Jonathan and David knew the matter.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 40
WEB Jonathan gave his weapons to his boy, and said to him, “Go, carry them to the city.”
KJV And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.
TSK No cross references.
Verse 41
WEB As soon as the boy was gone, David arose out of the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times. They kissed one another, and wept one with another, and David wept the most.
KJV And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of a place toward the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.
TSK and fell: 1sa 25:23, ge 43:28, 2sa 9:6; and they kissed: 1sa 10:1, ge 29:11,13, ge 45:15, 2sa 19:39, ac 20:37; David exceeded: 1sa 18:3, 2sa 1:26

Verse 42
WEB Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace, because we have both sworn in the name of Yahweh, saying, ‘Yahweh shall be between me and you, and between my seed and your seed, forever.’” He arose and departed; and Jonathan went into the city.
KJV And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the LORD, saying, The LORD be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.
TSK Go in peace: 1sa 20:22, 1sa 1:17, nu 6:26, lu 7:50, ac 16:36; And he arose: 1sa 23:18